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Understanding points
Ionic bond
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Transfer of electron(s) from a metal to a non-metal and the resulting electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
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Metals lose valence electrons to form positive ions (cations)
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Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions (anions)
2.1 The ionic model
Understanding points
Covalent bond
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Sharing of electron pair(s) between two atoms and resulting electrostatic attraction between (-ve) shared electron pair(s) and (+ve) two bonding nuclei
2.2 The covalent model
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Understanding points
Resonance structures
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Occurs when there is more than one position possible for double/triple bonds in a molecule
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Individual structures are called resonance forms
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Actual electronic structure of species is called resonance hybrid: hybrid of the two resonance forms with delocalized e-s
2.2 The covalent model (AHL)
2.3 The metallic model
2.4 From models to materials
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2.4 From models to materials (AHL)