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A. Space, Time and Motion

Created
2024/06/24 03:17
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A.1.1 Instantaneous and average

Average Speed : Entire distance covered divided by the amount of time elapsed since it started
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the average speed is determined solely by a magnitude which excludes the direction
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the average speed is a scalar quantity so it uses distance, which is also a scalar, to calculate it
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the equation of average speed is :
vˉ=ΔxΔt\bar{v}= \frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}
A.1 Kinematics

A.2.1 Newton’s Laws

Force
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Forces vectors that cause objects to accelerate
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Objects that experience zero net force, move in a straight line at a constant velocity
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Bigger forces accelerate objects faster
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If the same force is applied to two objects of different masses, the object with larger mass will accelerate less than the object of smaller mass
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Forces are vectors, so if more than one force acts on an object, the forces add up through vector addition.
A.2 Forces and Momentum

A.3.1 Work

Work
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Energy exists in many forms, but most commonly if it is stored energy it is called potential energy and when the energy is in motion of an object it is called kinetic energy.
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An object at rest can be assumed to have zero kinetic energy, and an object in motion will have kinetic energy higher than zero.
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Objects that move faster have more kinetic energy.
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Since forces cause objects to move faster or slower, forces are what causes the energy to increase or decrease.
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Energy transferred to or from an object via the application of force along a displacement is referred to as work.
A.3 Work, Energy and Power

A.4.1 Rotational motion equations

Definitions of key terminologies
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Notice that all variables that describe angular motion have similar analogous variables that describe linear motion.
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All the suvat equations can be rewritten using angular variables

A.4.2 Torque

A.4 Rigid Body Mechanics

A.5.1 Frames of reference

Frames of reference
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The concept of position and coordinates requires one to choose an origin point as (0,0)
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The choice of origin point does not affect any of the behaviour. This means that regardless of origin, displacement and velocity are not affected.
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A frame of reference performs all calculations using a specific choice of point of origin (0,0), but from another observer’s perspective that point of origin can appear to be moving at a constant velocity.
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Take for example two people standing on two platforms.
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Once one chooses a specific frame of reference, all other frames of reference appear to have an initial position and a constant velocity.
A.5 Galilean and Special Relativity