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B.1.1 Molecular theory of solids, liquids and gases

Understanding: Properties of the three states of matter considered in physics

Particle Model of Matter:

B.1.1-1 Diagram of 3 main states

B.1 Thermal Energy Transfer

B.2.1 Conduction, convection, and thermal radiation

Conduction, Convection and Thermal Radiation

Conduction is when energy is transferred by direct contact

Usually happens in solid

When two solids in different temperatures contact conduction happens

Thermal energy is transferred from solid with higher temperature to lower temperature

Metal are good thermal conductors because :

they contain high number of delocalized electrons

B.2 Greenhouse Effect

B.3.1 Avogadro constant, Pressure, and Gas Laws

Molar Concept Rules

Boyle’s Law : Pressure of a gas of fixed mass and at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to its volume

Isothermal process: temperature is constant

Sealed or closed system: mass is constant

B.3.1-1 Diagram of particles in high and low pressure and graph that represents the relationship between volume and pressure

p \propto \frac{1}{v}

This means that the product of p and V is always constant

p_1 V_1 = p_2 V_2 = \textit{constant}

B.4.1 Basic Definitions

Internal Energy

Types of Systems

Closed system

Isolated system

Sign Convention

Clausius’ sign convention

B.4 Thermodynamics

B.5.1 Ohm's Law

Mathematical Approach of Ohm’s Law

As mentioned previously, whenever there is a potential difference there must be an electric field

When a potential difference is established at the ends of a conductor, an electric field is established within the conductor that forces electrons to move and create the current

The size of the current is different in the different conductors, as each conductor will operate with different efficiency

The properties of the conductors to resist the current flow is called electric resistance

The equation of resistance is :

B.5 Current and Circuits